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Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty

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Overview

Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG) is a minimally invasive, non-surgical technique for weight loss that uses an endoscope—a flexible tube with equipment and a camera attached—to shrink the size of the stomach. In contrast to conventional bariatric procedures, endoscopic subtotal gastrostomy (ESG) bypasses the stomach entirely.
Key Features of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty:
  1. Stomach Reduction: During ESG, the endoscope is inserted through the mouth and into the stomach. The surgeon then places a series of sutures inside the stomach to reduce its volume, shaping it into a smaller, tube-like structure similar to a surgical sleeve gastrectomy. This limits the amount of food the stomach can hold, leading to reduced calorie intake.
  2. Non-Surgical: ESG is performed without any external incisions, meaning no visible scars and a quicker recovery time compared to surgical procedures.
  3. Outpatient Procedure: Typically, ESG is done on an outpatient basis, allowing patients to go home the same day. The recovery time is shorter, with most people resuming normal activities within a few days.
  4. Weight Loss: ESG can result in significant weight loss, though generally less than what is seen with traditional bariatric surgeries. It is often considered for patients who need a less invasive option or those who are not eligible for surgical procedures.
  5. Reversibility: Although ESG is not easily reversible, it can be modified or revised if necessary. However, it does not involve permanent removal of stomach tissue.
Potential Benefits:
  • Less Invasive: No incisions, less pain, and a quicker return to daily activities.
  • Fewer Complications: Lower risk of complications like infection or hernia, which are associated with surgical procedures.
  • Improvement of Obesity-Related Conditions: Similar to other weight loss procedures, ESG can help improve conditions like type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea.
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